• See definition in section 2 of Madabushi 2025

See also Chain of Thought Prompting.

These papers use some sort of reasoning chain, including natural language reasons or natural language “rules.”

• EntailmentBank: Dalvi et al 2021 - Explaining Answers with Entailment Trees Open domain, “1,840 multistep entailment trees for accompanying QA pairs”
• Tafjord et al 2021 - ProofWriter: Generating Implications, Proofs, and Abductive Statements over Natural Language Synthetic dataset (RuleTaker)
• Dalvi et al 2022 - Towards Teachable Reasoning Systems This paper v1 got split up into two papers (both at EMNLP 2022):
  • Tafjord et al 2022 - Entailer: Answering Questions with Faithful and Truthful Chains of Reasoning
  • Dalvi et al 2022 - Towards Teachable Reasoning Systems: Using a Dynamic Memory of User Feedback for Continual System Improvement
• Sprague 2022 - Natural Language Deduction with Incomplete Information
• Wang & Zhou et al 2024 - Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Without Prompting

• EntailmentBank: paper Open domain, “1,840 multistep entailment trees for accompanying QA pairs”

See Commonsense Reasoning - Abductive Reasoning.

• Overviews
  • Chen et al 2025 - Reasoning Beyond Language: A Comprehensive Survey on Latent Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

• Peter Clark

• Chain of Thought Prompting
• Commonsense Reasoning
• Commonsense Reasoning - Abductive Reasoning
• Explainability
• NLI
• Large Reasoning Models
• Question Answering